Fungi

The diversity of fungi in the area of ​​NP “Pelister” now counts 760 species of fungi, of which 485 species are terracotta (of which 2 underground) and 275 are lignic. The fungi of Pelister are the subject of many years of field research in different seasons. field research in July 2019, additional, 41 species of fungi were registered.

Most species (676) belong to the columnar fungus (type Basidiomycota), systematized in fifty different families, 80 species belong to the fungal bag (type Ascomycota) and 4 species to the mucous fungus (type Myxomycota from Protozoa). In terms of taxonomic affiliation, most species belong to the families Russulaceae, Mycenaceae, Tricholomataceae, and Meruliaceae of the Basidiomycota type.

There are 27 species of lichens belonging to the genus Ascomycota.

Most of the data come from the Pine Molika forests (431), 78 species are collected in the beech forests, 36 species in the beech-fir forests, 18 species in the extreme forests and belts of eels, willows and poplars, 17 species in the oak forests 17 species, and planted 24 species in pine and spruce.

In mixed deciduous and evergreen forests, 37 species have been observed. Outside the forest ecosystems, 38 species have been collected on meadows and pastures. Of the lignicidal fungi, most are collected on pinus molika (79), beech (60) and fir (59), while 11 species are collected on oak, and a smaller number of species are collected on other substrates. As for the feasibility of the fungi present in Pelister, about thirty species can be used for food, while a dozen species are poisonous.

The popular consumer species are: Amanita caesarea, A. rubescens, Armillaria mellea, Boletus edulis, B. pinophilus, B. aereus, B. aestivalis, Macrolepiota procera, Marasmius oreades, Cantharellus cibarius, Craterellus cornucopioides, Pleurotus ostreatus, Hydnum repandum, Russula dryanant.

Boletus edulis, B. pinophilus, B. aereus, B. aestivalis, Amanita caesarea, Marasmius oreades, Craterellus cornucopioides, Hydnum repandusarium and Chasa commercial species of fungi and are collected from the local population.

Of the poisonous species it is important to mention: Amanita pantherina, A. phalloides, a. muscaria, a. junquillea, Coprinellus micaceus, Cortinarius sanguineus, Galerina marginata, Russula emetica, Stropharia coronilla, lnocybe geophylla u dr. Consuming species of the genera Amanita, Galerina and lnocybe can lead to death.